Saturday, October 7, 2017

CATALONIA ( Catalunya ) . HARD SITUATION AND CONFLICT EXPLAINED !



Catalonian Brave History and Case 

 Catalonia (Spanish Cataluña), autonomous region in northeastern Spain, comprising the provinces of Barcelona, Gerona, Lérida, and Tarragona. Its population is 7.5 milions equivalent to 16.4% of Spain’s total population. With a total area of  32,108 km2    in the shape of an inverted triangle, Catalonia is bounded on the north by the Pyrenees Mountains, on the west by the region of Aragón, and on the east by the Mediterranean Sea. It is bisected by the Sierra de la Llena mountain range, which extends from the southwest to the northeast. Most of the territory is wooded and contains few meadows and little pastureland. Among the principal rivers are the Ebro, the Llobregat, and the Ter, which drain into the Mediterranean. Major cities include the ports of Tarragona and  Barcelona, the region's capital.

Catalonia is one of the most prosperous regions of Spain. Corn, wheat, rye, flax, and licorice are cultivated; pigs, goats, and sheep are raised; and almonds, chestnuts, walnuts, figs, oranges, and grapes are grown in Catalonia. Among the main industries are fishing, wine making, the manufacture of cotton textiles, and potash mining. ...[1]
The region name is created and originated during dark ages of great barbarian migration as a unity of Goths and Alans , timely known as Goth-Alania evolved in Catalunya due to language mixtures during centuries. Anyway the "Native Catalans" consider themselves as descendants of a succession of native tribes, invading Greeks, Carthaginians, Romans, and a lately pack of mixed migratory tribes as Alans, Thraco-Dacian Vlachs added by a major number of  Visigoths that have often been caught in bloody conflicts. In 718, it came under Muslim control and became part of Al-Andalus, a province of the Umayyad Caliphate. From the conquest of Roussillon in 760, to the conquest of Barcelona in 801, the Frankish Empire took control of the area between Septimania and the Llogbregat river from the Muslims and created heavily militarised, self-governing counties. These counties formed part of the Gothic and Hispanic marches, a buffer zone in the south of the Frankish empire in the former province of Septimania and in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula, to act as a defensive barrier for the Frankish empire against further Muslim invasions from Al-Andalus. ...[2] 
The ancient counties of Rosselló and Cerdanya on a present-day political map. These counties came under the rule of the counts of Barcelona, who were Frankish vassals nominated by the emperor of the Franks, to whom they were feudatories (801–987). The earliest known use of the name "Catalonia" for these counties dates to 1117. In 1137, Ramon Berenguer, Count of Barcelona decided to accept King Ramiro II of Aragon's proposal to marry Queen Petronila, establishing the dynastic union of the County of Barcelona with the Kingdom of Aragon, joining the Crown of Aragon and making the Catalan counties that were united under the county of Barcelona into a principality of the Aragonese Crown. [3] 
During the 9th century, the Count Wifred the Hairy made its title hereditary and founded the dynasty of the House of Barcelona, which ruled Catalonia until 1410. The tide began to turn against Catalonia in 1469 when Isabella of Castile married Ferdinand of Aragon and Catalonia. Gradually the Catalan nation slipped under the control of Spanish monarchs from the Habsburg and Bourbon Dynasties. The land lost its last vestiges of independence when King  Philip V of Spain, grandson of Louis XIV of France, vanquished the Catalan forces in 1714. ...[4]
Modern Era of Catalonia was quite a great economic boom due to fast industrialization of the autonomous province during the XIX century and the Revolutionary Era 1900-1936. This period gave the bases to the today Catalonian GDP around 300,000 billion equivalent to one of the fifth amount in total Spain's GDP. This makes the difference between Catalonian GDP per capita and the rest of Spain more than 10,000 EURO. In result more and more Catalan Citizens refuse to pay taxes for the rest provinces. ...[5]

 Cultural differences and famous people. ...[6]

 Catalan people include more than 20 Key role times in history and cultural affairs. Catatalan people genius is strongly proved all time history and critical situations.

 In Arts and spiritual affairs Catalonia was the pioniere of Artistic Writing in modernism as Impresionism , surrealism , datism , philosophy , criticism and humanism writings . the most famous om them : 



 Artists in graphic arts and revolutionary schools :

Joan MIRO

Salvador Dalí

Architecture and archeology.  . 

The first known human settlements in what is now Catalonia were at the beginning of the Middle Palaeolithic. The oldest known trace of human occupation is a mandible found in Banyoles, described by some sources as pre-Neanderthal some 200,000 years old; other sources suggest it to be only about one third that old. From the next prehistoric era, the Epipaleolithic or Mesolithic, important zremains survive, the greater part dated between 8000 BC and 5000 BC, such as those of Sant Gregori (Falset) and el Filador (Margalef de Montsant).
The Neolithic era began in Catalonia around 5000 BC, although the population was slower to develop fixed settlements than in other places, thanks to the abundance of woods, which allowed the continuation of a fundamentally hunter-gatherer culture.
The Chalcolithic or Eneolithic period developed in Catalonia between 2500 and 1800 BC, with the beginning of the construction of copper objects. The Bronze Age occurred between 1800 and 700 BC. There are few remnants of this era, but there were some known settlements in the low Segre zone. The Bronze Age coincided with the arrival of the Indo-Europeans through the Urnfield Culture, whose successive waves of migration began around 1200 BC, and they were responsible for the creation of the first proto-urban settlements. Around the middle of the 7th century BC, the Iron Age arrived in Catalonia.

 Roman Times and Arabic times are the most flourishing Times of Catalonia . Romans after conquering the Carthaginians started e total building policy and hard colonisation to subdue all the problematic tribes and their rampant raids on Roman territories. The Iberian peninsula during this time obtained Castles, Roads , Aqueducts Cloacas , Arenas and a lot of new settlements that still survive till now all around Catalan region and especially in Gothic Quart of Barcelona. Even after the roman loss of Catalonia to migrators the eastern Roman Empire due to the great Expedition archived to maintain in a short period its influence and its cultural style of domains. 

 Later on the Arabs brought to architecture new  traits of building and urban styles. The mos notable still remained are the Aire of Barcelona ,the old Bazars in arabic architecture and the mos t important the decorative styles of houses churches and public halls and mansions. Even the Royal Families after the expulsion of arabs from the region maintained the decorative styles till the XVI century and even during modernism. 

 After all this Medieval periods once again the great architect Antonio Gaudi created what is now the best touristic face of Barcelona and Catalonia in general. After the great Project of Sagrada familia till in construction queue expected to be the highest Temple in the world. Every one who want to have a nice time better save money to visit Catalonia. 
Cinematographic issues where again one of the best characteristics of Catalan Genius. The best cultural revolt was made during the Franco Regime in counter attacking position of all persecutions made during that time. Since then the Catalan spirit evolved to and more sophisticated  and determined trait to be the best and to gain everything to all costs. this made the home country of great Brands , Ideas ,Economics and the improved economic systems to prevent any kind of corruption, nepotism and populism as the rest of Spain. 

Cinema and theater makers and actors

Architects and urban planners


Antoni Gaudí

Lluís Domènech i Montaner

Josep Puig i Cadafalch

Businessmen

Economists


Sport and other skills. 

There is a great presentation of Catalonia in all Sports. Everyone knows Barcelona. Everyone knows el-classico and everyone knows Gasol Brothers ,Rubio ,Pyjol ,Guardiola Etc. If there is a national team of Spain it is due to the Catalonian support as a unified team mates. Catalans are great even at individual sports so every one can see by himself who are the Catalans and in what numbers they are engaged to physic skills.

Kílian Jornet Burgada

Tennis

Motor racing


Toni Bou

Marc Márquez

Football


Pep Guardiola

Carles Puyol

Xavi Hernández

Basketball


Pau Gasol

Scuba diving


Spirituality and Science 

There is nothing to miss in Catalan Genius even scientist and Saints. Every one knows the first combustion submarine andth the great donimician Saints. Everyone knows how important is he culture and tourism to Catalans.  

Scientists and engineers

Narcís Monturiol

Joan Massagué

Gastronomy


Ferran Adrià

Others


Pompeu Fabra

Saints and religious figures



Facebook Active staf  https://www.facebook.com/magradacatalunya/

Bibliography 

1. Powered by Encarta 2016 , History Channel copyright. 
2. National Geograohic 2016, Cultural Magasine 1984 " A country inside a country "
3. Powered by Encarta 2016 , History Channel copyright. 
4. Enciclpedia Britanica "Charles V" Retrived 3 october 2012.
5. The statistics portal. "Statistia" .
6. National museum of Barcelona " Department of Culture and Famous Catalan People ".
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